The Many Benefits of Vitamin C Ascorbic acid, commonly known as vitamin C, is a water-soluble compound that functions as an antioxidant. Vitamin C is widely utilized in health supplements and as an ingredient in cosmetic formulations due to its…
A solution is a liquid pharmaceutical preparation that contains one or more chemical substances molecularly dissolved in an appropriate solvent or a mixture of mutually miscible solvents, such as water and alcohol. Depending on its application, solutions can be intended…
How Does Insecticide Resistance Occur? Insecticide resistance in mosquitoes has become a major challenge in vector control for diseases such as malaria, dengue, filariasis, and chikungunya. This resistance develops as an adaptive response to the selective pressure caused by the…
The cosmetic production process involves various stages, including the mixing of raw materials, dissolution, heating, cooling, and purification. These stages can be factors contributing to product contamination. One of the contaminants is the compound 1,4-dioxane, as well as nitrosamines. Getting…
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. It is characterized by symptoms of difficulty concentrating, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning. The prevalence of ADHD in children is estimated to…
Semisolid preparations are semi-solid pharmaceutical formulations intended for topical application by being directly applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. Ointments, creams, pastes, and gels are types of semisolid preparations. These semisolid formulations can be designed for…
Cosmetic products, such as sunscreen, skin creams, and facial care products, are items that are directly applied to human skin. Every time the product is opened and used, there is a possibility that air and microorganisms may enter the product…
Shallots are one of the key commodities relied upon by many farmers and the culinary industry. However, like other crops, shallots are vulnerable to various diseases that can reduce both the quality and quantity of the harvest. One of the…
Acne is a common condition in which hair follicles in the skin become clogged with dirt, dust, oil, or bacterial infections. Within the hair follicles are sebaceous glands, which normally produce oil or sebum to maintain skin moisture and protect…
In the world of fish farming, the use of drugs and chemicals is a common practice to prevent and treat diseases that threaten the survival of fish. Drugs help farmers reduce the risk of fish mortality which can impact production…
According to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia, 6th Edition, tablets are solid preparations that contain active ingredients, with or without excipients. Based on their purpose and site of administration, there are various types of tablets, including buccal tablets, sublingual tablets, effervescent tablets,…
The use of herbicides in agricultural practices has increased significantly in recent decades. Herbicides are used to control weeds that interfere with crop growth, but their impact on the environment, animals, and humans is still a concern. One major concern…
Packaging serves as a container or wrapping for a product that is not merely a “wrapper,” but has significant benefits. The functions of product packaging can be divided into two categories: protective and promotional functions. The protective function relates to…
The extensive use of chemical pesticides since the introduction of DDT in the 1940s has had a significant impact on agriculture and public health. DDT and other synthetic insecticides have proven effective in protecting crops from pests and controlling human…
Definition of Capsule According to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition VI Capsules are one of the most commonly used forms of medication in the pharmaceutical world. Based on the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition VI (FI Edition VI, 2020), capsules are solid preparations…
The use of pesticides in modern agricultural systems has become one of the strategies employed to control pests that can damage crops. However, continuous pesticide use has led to negative effects on non-target organisms, including pollinating insects, soil microorganisms, and…
Getting to Know Probiotics More Deeply Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in appropriate amounts. Currently, probiotics are becoming increasingly popular and widely used by the aquaculture sector as a strategy to improve health, enhance growth,…
Traditional medicine has become an important part of daily life in Indonesia. The use of natural ingredients processed traditionally into remedies for maintaining health, treating diseases, and restoring stamina has been practiced for centuries. According to BPOM Regulation No. 29…
The increasing world population growth poses a major challenge in meeting food needs. Currently, the use of bio-based fertilizers (BBFs) or can also be called organic fertilizers/biological fertilizers is being developed to increase production in the agricultural sector. BBFs are…
Parabens are a class of chemical compounds commonly used as preservatives in cosmetic products to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi. Parabens function by disrupting membrane transport processes, inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis and affecting enzymes such as ATPase…
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