Getting to Know the Respiratory System (Breathing) That We Have Respiration is a series of processes that involve drawing air into the respiratory system and expelling it again with the purpose of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. Anatomically, the respiratory…
The Many Benefits of Vitamin C Ascorbic acid, commonly known as vitamin C, is a water-soluble compound that functions as an antioxidant. Vitamin C is widely utilized in health supplements and as an ingredient in cosmetic formulations due to its…
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. It is characterized by symptoms of difficulty concentrating, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily functioning. The prevalence of ADHD in children is estimated to…
Semisolid preparations are semi-solid pharmaceutical formulations intended for topical application by being directly applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. Ointments, creams, pastes, and gels are types of semisolid preparations. These semisolid formulations can be designed for…
In the world of fish farming, the use of drugs and chemicals is a common practice to prevent and treat diseases that threaten the survival of fish. Drugs help farmers reduce the risk of fish mortality which can impact production…
According to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia, 6th Edition, tablets are solid preparations that contain active ingredients, with or without excipients. Based on their purpose and site of administration, there are various types of tablets, including buccal tablets, sublingual tablets, effervescent tablets,…
Definition of Capsule According to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition VI Capsules are one of the most commonly used forms of medication in the pharmaceutical world. Based on the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition VI (FI Edition VI, 2020), capsules are solid preparations…
Getting to Know Probiotics More Deeply Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in appropriate amounts. Currently, probiotics are becoming increasingly popular and widely used by the aquaculture sector as a strategy to improve health, enhance growth,…
Traditional medicine has become an important part of daily life in Indonesia. The use of natural ingredients processed traditionally into remedies for maintaining health, treating diseases, and restoring stamina has been practiced for centuries. According to BPOM Regulation No. 29…
Indonesian society has long been using herbal remedies, which are empirically useful for treating various diseases. The number of studies on herbal medicine is increasing. Herbal medicine must be standardized, safe, and profitable. Traditional medicine usually consists of more than…
Applying a topical medication directly to the skin’s surface or mucous membranes produces a local therapeutic effect. It is often used to deal with a variety of skin conditions, such as itching, rash, infection, and inflammation. Topical medicines are available…
Toxins are poisonous substances that can cause various adverse effects on human health and the environment. In the context of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, the detection and monitoring of toxins through toxicity testing is crucial to ensure the safety and…
Mosquitoes, especially those of the Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex species, are disturbing plagues in urban areas. They not only disturb but can also spread deadly diseases such as hemorrhagic fever, chikungunya, malaria, and filariasis. The spread of disease by mosquitoes…
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